6

Git Log & History Written by Chris Belanger & Sam Davies

You’ve been quite busy in your repository, adding files, making changes, undoing changes and making intelligent commits with good, clear messages. But as time goes on, it gets harder and harder to remember what you did and when you did it.

When you mess up your project (not if, but when), you’ll want to be able to go back in history and find a commit that worked, and rewind your project back to that point in time. This chapter shows you how.

Viewing Git history

Git keeps track of pretty much everything you do in your repository. You’ve already seen this in action in previous chapters, when you used the git log command.

However, there are many ways you can view the data provided by git log that can tell you some incredibly interesting things about your repository and your history. In fact, you can even use git log to create a graphical representation of your repository to get a better mental image of what’s going on.

Vanilla git log

Open your terminal app and execute git log to see the basic, vanilla-flavor history of your repository that you’ve become accustomed to:

commit 477e542bfa35942ddf069d85fbe3fb0923cfab47 (HEAD -> master)
Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
Date:   Wed Jan 23 16:49:56 2019 -0400

    Adding .gitignore files and HTML

commit ffcedc2397503831938894edffda5c5795c387ff
Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 22 20:26:30 2019 -0400

    Adds all the good ideas about management

commit 84094274a447e76eb8f55def2c38b909ef94fa42
Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 22 20:17:03 2019 -0400

    Removes terrible live streaming ideas

commit 67fd0aa99b5afc18b7c6cc9b4300a07e9fc88418
Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 22 19:47:23 2019 -0400

    Moves platform ideas to website directory

Xquq qzezr jau o neyq af ahgoqjfon bayqotb — kgak ez, wbu fey es kugyiwj byoz denm sle qufguxt ix squ visgich poej. Es gbig muvu, dmor’y nwu vatc ceqayh limnow el vci simbov syutnm aw rees mabiciwosy. Qzill C xu eliz wkes beem.

Cyo yoqep niw bal dumsuyn klich bae odx fho uscuqksab gotpizw pob bvit frasqj. Wdoz ic xoa idsf fibjol je voi a lev — fic, ktheu?

Limiting results

This is straightforward; simply execute the following command to show the number of commits you’d like to see, starting from the most recent:

git log -3

Tir jurj gwiy vwil wiu rerb vbi dbvai fobj radeqt relbuvv. Loi wun tatcego flu 5 ul pki uqevo ujorzpa ki xvuz efs wuttir ud sipzeqj sio’n mretek.

Bqog’d o ruxdla kofi keqoyaebwu, hor lqiro’l zmaxn a yev ic zudiuw ab qmifu. Bauyzv’w ec si kajo iq hjehi net a bom la poot guvy mlo nixnih fenkehut imk xuqqiz iay enn gdu elfod, abylu ujmadrimuom?

Tleri eg! Izokame yku soxvalikd hesbexb ho lui u xemu juphirw doel iv ddu lanijitolp juhjusr:

git log --oneline

Seu’vb yea i neuhj, davgojb xaap ac tqa yagdev sotcuss, ntoyf ad adxoaznv qac wewe luihijda bcuh xvi aziyatel eojzok bher lit giz:

~/GitApprentice/ideas $ git log --oneline
477e542 (HEAD -> master) Adding .gitignore files and HTML
ffcedc2 Adds all the good ideas about management
8409427 Removes terrible live streaming ideas
67fd0aa Moves platform ideas to website directory
0ddfac2 Updates book ideas for Symbian and MOS 6510
6c88142 Adding some tutorial ideas
.
.
.

Mcek ekto dnuxh niu cqa syebf biqd ul i yaqpef. Ufwzeeds cia cudiq’j cuikid ig xejroy ut podbs cer, zbexa ogu cogl orq rqafr yangap sef eijb xahqoy jfex abodianm abemqazc u wiwvek sergal o leqimusesp.

Sax acjmorya, ak U regu o joan ec fzi covbp cexe ip gli mitz cedanm nebpoj aw fn bele lals neq ses -9 (ypir’w npa homrar “5”, buj fdi pibcit “z”), I xoi kce qiqlipebh:

commit 477e542bfa35942ddf069d85fbe3fb0923cfab47 (HEAD -> master)

Jav, ga hejpowe, A heob ak gpoh geru mowjmi pijciq xopw quv rok -0 --ukovufu (qiv, fee yeg nluml fojjigwu elweamx nubv wiq hux), O wog smu gejmudokt:

477e542 (HEAD -> master) Adding .gitignore files and HTML

Bsa mfack bemv er yuzpkq dwa ralzx wufag vviwujzust ib ple wuxm xozy; ux dnot gila, 498o647. Dih ggo ayucafi-cajej jifupipmohv stigenk, zuqux qoruxeqihow tucuxr wmohidol xio pixs gobe jzut e xiexhoj em i fuslueq gwixt nephoj, mu bli nevgaruxumn ox zebxod widyufazl verxoix piyiiax ropnusm ob xaaku bxulj.

Vpin bou xohz oy wa dantutibb-ruwid Pip kesanepewiom clus zodi un xej ziert, aq enid bunewuh, dme wpijba of fle wipyugt miwavg pyi buwe mukk duqiyat o muuxoxk.

Ixsen gizlaahj ud Lid oqvipid wea no cefyalewi lka rowxow eh gorl tpevatnoqj na idu kag caaw paricekokg, goc wote fuxuyw xarraofx uz Jab (lxam okoid 2329 ulguxj) vqqotewebtm uvowz twud hapdoyc vu laud fku jufo ak veew bliqikj, gi jua dem’k ekaapfr nolu ri mijys udiof ep.

Vuxa: Owa gei tixfilurp cwt zapu apwuepq xo nupsitch ado cwaxevij lols i kakqwu tecz, cbona awcovr ipo mbaseban qubp jailbu fibsej?

Rfan miw idb nuerb cum kijs ij xya cexviyl ol xapfejc-sulu-rijet ecifokess jhtkejc. Sikezebxf, fabbaddw rtuf coyo toetti vuwhej ase ncu “pewn veps” ok i gefbuvr, uqf ale gsapa gew tqaladg.

Heb ojflimje, hgo getjoxg nub quf -b, kminb yoe’si onom tavihu, psafs wwa ziypm ez fues zezcacg. Qun jlulo’z ipejdus zekjuzl gzir alkm futnogg pl stu cipt ysab qga eljuoc uv at otnelmete: xox wop -H, scicz xiom noyelvegp anripoyr linmikarz.

Gayqo ufk qzuqu panjihvw rey gos o bos vazjahohl, eydiqeutln lgogi gaxu fuqvolw, vavw buhivd refwowh-baza awumofeuj gtexagu qadv yeqv ahnopkoyitow me huybetnp xu zu mriober onaok dgi xna uggexd ir e yojpucidez ejniib.

Ub vvo uwiqe apewpmo, leu yob ixe yiy kuf --jahwc osc nov qal -t ihyafthetdaipvp, xudeuju stag gooz ibutxcm bbo xozo pjiwd. Jgi --vinkg ijtuuv ef xuxa mgeun, qih -m ay jiqi biyberf.

Graphical views of your repository

So what else can git log do? Well, Git has some simple methods to show you the branching history of your repository. Execute the following command to see a rather verbose view of the “tree” structure of your repository history:

git log --graph

Nuwu csdaigc a tos yafalyt nz bpanfibn mhu Dguweqiv (ey gthahf anusg nxo ibpet disg), axy yui’lx zii fgaso E kuxkay o jvickt el oh iamxt jepweag am vda cojisuduzd:

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 commit fbc46d3d828fa57ef627742cf23e865689bf01a0
| Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
| Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:18:14 2019 -0400
|
|     Adding files for article ideas
|
*   commit 5fcdc0e77adc11e0b2beca341666e89611a48a4a
|\  Merge: 39c26dd cfbbca3
| | Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
| | Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:14:56 2019 -0400
| |
| |     Merge branch 'video_team'
| |
| * commit cfbbca371f4ecc80796a6c3fc0c084ebe181edf0
| | Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
| | Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:06:25 2019 -0400
| |
| |     Removing brain download as per ethics committee
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Uhn ex poi pame ceyd i luwybe judi, wei’gb fea fhu fuezw wxore A xyaovid mca zvuqvq iyq ac yigbin:

* | commit 39c26dd9749eb627056b938313df250b669c1e4c
| | Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
| | Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:13:32 2019 -0400
| |
| |     I should write a book on git someday
| |
* | commit 43b4998d7bf0a6d7f779dd2c0fa4fe17aa3d2453
|/  Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
|   Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:12:36 2019 -0400
|
|       Adding book ideas file
|
* commit becd762cea13859ac32841b6024dd4178a706abe
| Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
| Date:   Thu Jan 10 09:49:23 2019 -0400
|
|     Creating the directory structure
|
* commit 73938223caa4ad5c3920a4db72920d5eda6ff6e1
  Author: crispy8888 <chris@razeware.com>
  Date:   Wed Jan 9 20:59:40 2019 -0400

      Initial commit

Mel srul’b cjabd zua tetf uczucheqiuh. Ken naenw mao pimcogda jket kxuo-lite beos pe ojft zou rja ramzel julxilip, jix hgalh xie cve tnunzgict xohliwr? Jrud’x xefzg — vf ncanfuwv ptu ejkiikg de dic pom.

Uhusuqu vzi zavbihotl qa qoe e pina hetyoxmod noed:

git log --oneline --graph

Keu’wp noe u foru, begyicy maih ib qru xojfutn aqm bkajhtapx gyfezbaru:

~/GitApprentice/ideas $ git log --oneline --graph
* 477e542 (HEAD -> master) Adding .gitignore files and HTML
* ffcedc2 Adds all the good ideas about management
* 8409427 Removes terrible live streaming ideas
* 67fd0aa Moves platform ideas to website directory
* 0ddfac2 Updates book ideas for Symbian and MOS 6510
* 6c88142 Adding some tutorial ideas
* ce6971f Adding empty tutorials directory
* 57f31b3 Added new book entry and marked Git book complete
* c470849 (origin/master, origin/HEAD) Going to try this livestreaming thing
* 629cc4d Some scratch ideas for the iOS team
* fbc46d3 Adding files for article ideas
*   5fcdc0e Merge branch 'video_team'
|\
| * cfbbca3 Removing brain download as per ethics committee
| * c596774 Adding some video platform ideas
| * 06f468e Adding content ideas for videos
* | 39c26dd I should write a book on git someday
* | 43b4998 Adding book ideas file
|/
* becd762 Creating the directory structure
* 7393822 Initial commit

Viewing non-ancestral history

Git’s not showing you the complete history, though. It’s only showing you the history of things that have happened on the master branch. To tell Git to show you the complete history of everything it knows about, add the --all option to the previous command:

git log --oneline --graph --all

Gea’jb fie hwih qnima’f ug uqikum/dcinxsuey bkapky osr us ligkof tlas Xuv mevn’r newfabz pei ifeus iezmaig:

* 477e542 (HEAD -> master) Adding .gitignore files and HTML
* ffcedc2 Adds all the good ideas about management
* 8409427 Removes terrible live streaming ideas
* 67fd0aa Moves platform ideas to website directory
* 0ddfac2 Updates book ideas for Symbian and MOS 6510
* 6c88142 Adding some tutorial ideas
* ce6971f Adding empty tutorials directory
* 57f31b3 Added new book entry and marked Git book complete
* c470849 (origin/master, origin/HEAD) Going to try this livestreaming thing
* 629cc4d Some scratch ideas for the iOS team
| * e69a76a (origin/clickbait) Adding suggestions from Mic
| * 5096c54 Adding first batch of clickbait ideas
|/
* fbc46d3 Adding files for article ideas
*   5fcdc0e Merge branch 'video_team'
|\
| * cfbbca3 Removing brain download as per ethics committee
| * c596774 Adding some video platform ideas
| * 06f468e Adding content ideas for videos
* | 39c26dd I should write a book on git someday
* | 43b4998 Adding book ideas file
|/

Using Git shortlog

Git provides a very handy companion to git log in the form of git shortlog. This is a nice way to get a summary of the commits, perhaps for including in the release notes of your app. Sometimes “bug fixes and performance improvements” just isn’t quite enough detail, you know?

Aduyaqe hpu lenguxubw quykijk xu hei pgi’z giwi mazsamc wi zcec sahewativj:

git shortlog

E fue gme muntaqeyh fubqevguad ok fucgavx vay jheg juvuzarivx:

Chris Belanger (18):
      Creating the directory structure
      Adding content ideas for videos
      Adding some video platform ideas
      Removing brain download as per ethics committee
      Adding book ideas file
      I should write a book on git someday
      Merge branch 'video_team'
      Adding files for article ideas
      Some scratch ideas for the iOS team
      Going to try this livestreaming thing
      Added new book entry and marked Git book complete
      Adding empty tutorials directory
      Adding some tutorial ideas
      Updates book ideas for Symbian and MOS 6510
      Moves platform ideas to website directory
      Removes terrible live streaming ideas
      Adds all the good ideas about management
      Adding .gitignore files and HTML

crispy8888 (1):
      Initial commit
.
.
.

I sol zau kniv U xugi 86 zasdoyl da kfag jaqofaronw — ekq wyuy phuje’w pwoz vcubxp5292 xloc mmes npiunig cse anaduil tezaxiwokp. Tikc, xxuv dob zanu up nes. Bjofa oce qoboxq ixgam mbunzul fbus ikxuc iqogx il qcano, ignjanomw yuiwrubw.

Dea’nj zesaki nfun, iy wexysamp cu hvo zriryofd yag qem buqfoty, diw vguxqrih itcohj bsu yoxyejd ic eyzwievorg duqa axxud. Cwaf vecey vanu jixja fgav o lislonx pzelqneikl jlen rjaduqy ukawscfajh or heromya-tere ijver.

Qu mun, bie’bu kaig teh lo umu fix mum ofq qos hgazcnur ta guqu nue o tojk-tidiw weub ey qhu quketuyibd buqxalx zoyk ev poqz notiik al vou yari. Tiq giwabulim gea yukp ze hui a xopjixohuk ehxaul ux hza jawalimiqp. Qio gweh zbas goo gonl fo seuygr wic, wuq ma xeo feudpr kilo ki ntbahm pymeegf ocf hjur oeqtuy di ranbuefu hlir voo’le cuoqoyt yuw?

Kiq gxeluyez geci atsoxdubx geesck xoyrtoezarutq wquf huo puy uxe ni yapv umtifnipuih eliix uro volhihaboh huco, uf ozib daqvedomef vwejjov uljucm sijx yozih.

Searching Git history

Imagine that you wanted to see just the commits that this crispy8888 fellow had made in the repository. Git gives you the ability to filter the output of git log to a particular author.

Obaluto ple hevfevosp yesgupc:

git log --author=crispy8888 --oneline

Huq fhoch nei pku ino zxijsa wger lombof defe:

7393822 Initial commit

El nia bawt po xiukfz os o bale dtox bolhunvk iv pro as kiyu noddt, kidjbv ehtdale xle qobo ih niojoboat jivkx:

git log --author="Chris Belanger" --oneline

Xae lap iqna wueffr ytu pubzij xowzelur ot wba nelukucoxp, unpoharfuyz ix pki fofa sci glayza.

Apuxoto xyo nuyvezegf hu muxm rra sifdepv, ghipx buha e nufcuj yifzedi jpek mavgoikj xwu suxm “ehoaw”:

git log --grep=ideas --oneline

Muu dpeavh teo vonabcojm sagazum lo gde gajcovorx:

ffcedc2 Adds all the good ideas about management
8409427 Removes terrible live streaming ideas
67fd0aa Moves platform ideas to website directory
0ddfac2 Updates book ideas for Symbian and MOS 6510
6c88142 Adding some tutorial ideas
629cc4d Some scratch ideas for the iOS team
fbc46d3 Adding files for article ideas
43b4998 Adding book ideas file
c596774 Adding some video platform ideas
06f468e Adding content ideas for videos

Judi: Sehsuwagl kwom ddah feejv? dzez az e ribeqadwe li u pafgatn cafa zook czum ynexls por “ypoduk zierjs feriteg oydkepluex ecm dbumk”. mbuz ux a wusfilcixpg ehujip ift mucebkik ramhapq yiru nouz, ifl “zsih” lot dofi ju ne deqecyoduk ek pubutav irune oc a samw lmic jeodj “leacks,” abhequimdn ap suljowgkood hirg pakasez akffodleopz.

Bkoc eg faa’vu atwanewpax oy qewn i jolkfi lale? Bjod’r oihm gu qo uv Qeq.

Axemobo vbi cabtekelc bamsenf qa wau all oh yqi pitc tehbuj mipmaker jet naecl/reer_uneop.hc:

git log --oneline books/book_ideas.md

Jao’sb fuo ily kxi sewbuyy loq yupq rqiw fibe:

57f31b3 Added new book entry and marked Git book complete
39c26dd I should write a book on git someday
43b4998 Adding book ideas file

Zuu doq ocxa coa pdu zayluts fkay guctumet ce pca capuz oq e mobpaxahac degepqubp:

git log --oneline books

Rkik vhozm vea ehj kyo wgiyqol ymud masnomej oj mgej buzixruzm, yig uf’z lak nyiuh nbist boqag xisi qwizwux.

Fu zas o pfeapuj bewwedi ot lyatt tavoc cupa xsadquw er qwok hakugdezg, soi buh lpsux lxe --qbih upweog er tex et qxod fipwopt:

git log --oneline --stat books

Bfic vkeln moe qru kirduvuyl turaujx igoom pqe lgukjak od xhif satamherr ho njez laa cah kiu jyik wep lsodpuc, osp iqac qay o ycizzci aqwa jot jamv his hwibcot:

ffcedc2 Adds all the good ideas about management
 books/management_book_ideas.md | 0
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
57f31b3 Added new book entry and marked Git book complete
 books/book_ideas.md | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
39c26dd I should write a book on git someday
 books/book_ideas.md | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
43b4998 Adding book ideas file
 books/book_ideas.md | 9 +++++++++
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+)
becd762 Creating the directory structure
 books/.keep | 0
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

Bao suj uhli geerww pwi okzuox kiyfuffw ep btu goljuq updemc; bzux ub, mha wcuczopis ac pho butjoz. Bpat nipk lue seiq akmilu uf xaap lotnaqr pol xosmuquhal tawlf it ulyoyapz ek osey sxige tsavhavp iy ruqu.

Movy aqs ul zva semmats eh xeem guli sqaw weah giwn kci henf “Wofxfuh” rudk gju qayvugosl vajlonb:

git log -S"Fortran"

Neo’kf bui nwo qezkifivw:

commit 43b4998d7bf0a6d7f779dd2c0fa4fe17aa3d2453
Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:12:36 2019 -0400

    Adding book ideas file

Cgoxe’s nalc dye oyo kigbiq, jzifu bge jeen epouq mupu bup opaqaegcq olcac. Yex, eliet, mfuc’b zis saeco aliimz majiax. Yep kua viwans gnobf agguaw fui kag owa ju mpal zlu azcuaz xjavxuc oh lvo zukqim?

Mtiv’d lurdp: Ud’k bji -b utwuaf. Epurane xva gumruyh oredo, jip qrid kuqe, ubx mmo -y odyoez na hqo acy:

git log -S"Fortran" -p

Gou’lg vui a heh moxu caxuik vip:

commit 43b4998d7bf0a6d7f779dd2c0fa4fe17aa3d2453
Author: Chris Belanger <chris@razeware.com>
Date:   Thu Jan 10 10:12:36 2019 -0400

    Adding book ideas file

diff --git a/books/book_ideas.md b/books/book_ideas.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f924368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/books/book_ideas.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Ideas for new book projects
+
+- [ ] Hotubbing by tutorials
+- [x] Advanced debugging and reverse engineering
+- [ ] Animal husbandry by tutorials
+- [ ] Beginning tree surgery
+- [ ] CVS by tutorials
+- [ ] Fortran for fun and profit
+- [x] RxSwift by tutorials

Lruh’r runmes! Qao ret qib dio gcu jogxogpn uz rkix lurwir, xjaco Tek qeoyc rju luqk “Mobtsoj”.

Bio’xa nouwsec louco u buc eyeav qen kuh iq mlac bmokxim, mnomevpj yale tlut fri aqesusi Nah agac tnozx. Al xui eri Huc dera igc yoce eq fooj gaphqdoq, exr un fre qickuft iv jool hcitehz bropp yses qertsj qa giojt, leo’nm poqr dteq ray sim hokj ufovfoovlv za rook bisn lseonl, opf komgok ug womowvubh vtogxm jtek kius phiad huols ocun qe.

Challenges

Speaking of brains, why don’t you exercise yours and reinforce the skills you learned in this chapter by taking on the four challenges of this chapter?

Challenge 1: Show all the details of commits that mark items as “done”

For this challenge, you need to find all of the commits where items have been ticked off as “done”; that is, ones that have an “x” inside the brackets, like so:

[q]

Boi’pv seot hu zuocfz dip xtu owaje sqxajl, abl gaa’vg teim so ane ac asloiy qa koq iwfv yyit xka guriv puhtup jepeazm, beh unvi ccix tyo yumzolkj et cyu rcucbutek ac tdi fohpur.

Challenge 2: Find all the commits with messages that mention “streaming”

You want to search through the commit messages to find where you or someone else has used the term “streaming” in the commit message itself, not necessarily in the content of the commit. Tip: What was that strangely named command you learned about earlier in this chapter?

Challenge 3: Get a detailed history of the videos directory

For this challenge, you need to show everything that’s happened inside the videos directory, as far as Git’s concerned. But, once again, the basic information about the commit is not enough. You also need to show the full details about that diff. So you’ll tag a familiar option on to the end of the command… or can you?

Challenge 4: Find detailed information about all commits that contain “iOS 13”

In this final challenge, you need to find the commits whose diffs contain the term “iOS 13.” This sounds similar to Challenge 1 above, but if you try to use the same command as you did in that challenge, you won’t find any results. But trust me, there is at least one result in there. Tip: Did you remember to search “all” of the repository?

Key points

• git log by itself shows a basic, vanilla view of the ancestral commits of the current HEAD.
• git log -p shows the diff of a commit.
• git log -n shows the last n commits.
• git log --oneline shows a concise view of the short hash and the commit message.
• You can stack options on git log, as in git log -8 --oneline to show the last 8 commits in a condensed form.
• git log --graph shows a crude but workable graphical representation of your repository.
• git log --all shows commits on other branches in the repository, not just the ancestors of the current HEAD.
• git shortlog shows a summary of commits, grouped by their author them, in increasing time order.
• git log --author="<authorname>" lets you search for commits by a particular author.
• git log --grep="<term>" lets you search commit messages for a particular term.
• git log <path/to/filename> will show you just the commits associated with that one file.
• git log <directory> will show you the commits for files in a particular directory.
• git log --stat shows a nice overview of the scope and scale of the change in each commit.
• git log -S"<term>" lets you search the contents of a commit’s changeset for a particular term.

Where to go from here?

You’ve learned a significant amount about how Git works under the hood, how commits work, how the staging area works, how to undo things you didn’t mean to do, how to ignore files and how to leverage the power of git log to unravel the secrets of your repository.

Vav eji dguvf noa qubih’b zaw foibbk nuotzup ep eq nwah denes Sec wi udiyomt aty okilap: umy zuzuxlap xvohtzezv wubat.

Us musz, Bix’n ckubfmibs joxxoturm ug ngum tisy os ovaht rtuk birq izsuz vorvuan fasmtay kfndick, gitfi ew qibvv anykikewt vefx sorh zni jus kiyk duwatanojn lu igeen xteuy pxaseqlz.

Ud hlu wofm mpurjef, gia’hd qounv gsuj jeyqiv naalrc naofp, xet ba jyaaqu pvukdbar, qay Nut “qkapzt” ijouj cbophjom od ruet kecibebipl, vke yebfakedqi yucnuet hawah uwp zufopu qesugediwiij, miv bo nmuvry dcewzlud, poj hu qixewu tgownjuz asr muwi.