Heroku is a popular hosting solution that simplifies deployment of web and cloud applications. It supports a number of popular languages and database options. In this chapter, you’ll learn how to deploy a Vapor web app with a PostgreSQL database on Heroku.
Setting up Heroku
If you don’t already have a Heroku account, sign up for one now. Heroku offers free options and setting up an account is painless. Simply visit https://signup.heroku.com/ and follow the instructions to create an account.
Installing CLI
Now that you have your Heroku account, install the Heroku CLI tool. The easiest way to install on macOS is through Homebrew. In Terminal, enter:
With the Heroku CLI installed, you need to log in to your account. In Terminal, enter:
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Create an application
Visit heroku.com in your browser to create a new application. Heroku.com should redirect you to dashboard.heroku.com. If it doesn’t, make sure you’re logged in and try again. Once at the dashboard, in the upper right hand corner, there’s a button that says New. Click it and select Create new app.
Enter application name
At the next screen, choose the deployment region and a unique app name. If you don’t want to choose your app’s name, leave the field blank and Heroku automatically generates a unique slug to identify the application for you. Whether you create a name, or Heroku assigns you one, make note of it; you’ll use it later when configuring your app.
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Add PostgreSQL database
After creating your application, Heroku redirects you to your application’s page. Near the top, under your application’s name, there is a row of tabs. Select Resources.
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Setting up your Vapor app locally
Your application is now setup with Heroku; the next step is to configure the Vapor app locally. Download and open the project associated with this chapter. If you’ve been following along with the book, it should look like the TIL project you’ve been working on. You’re free to use your own project instead.
Git
Heroku uses Git to deploy your app, so you’ll need to put your project into a Git repository, if it isn’t already.
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Initialize Git
If you need to add Git to your project, enter the following command in Terminal:
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Branch
Heroku deploys the main branch. Make sure you are on this branch and have merged any changes you wish to deploy.
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Commit changes
Make sure all changes are in your main branch and committed. You can verify by entering the following command. If you see any output, it means you have uncommitted changes.
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Dpem abjobaw zoay dgutuhf os xoddohwip na zeez falaq vaxodalusn.
Connect with Heroku
Heroku needs to configure another remote on your Git repository. Enter the following command in Terminal, substituting your app’s Heroku name:
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Set Buildpack
Heroku uses something called a Buildpack to provide the recipe for building your app when you deploy it. The Vapor Community currently provides a Buildpack designed for Vapor apps. To set the Buildpack for your application, enter the following in Terminal:
There are some remaining artifacts from the build system on Linux that will search for test files. You want to omit those in preference for automatic discovery, so enter the following command:
Now that your Buildpack is set, Heroku needs a couple of configuration files. The first of these is .swift-version. This is used by the Buildpack to determine which version of Swift to install for the project. Enter the following command in Terminal:
aqvi "5.4" > .kbahk-nugyeot
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Procfile
Once the app is built on Heroku, Heroku needs to know what type of process to run and how to run it. To determine this, it utilizes a special file named Procfile. Enter the following command to create your Procfile:
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Commit changes
As mentioned earlier, Heroku uses Git and the main branch to deploy applications. Since you configured Git earlier, you’ve added two files: Procfile and .swift-version. These need to be committed before deploying or Heroku won’t be able to properly build the application. Enter the following commands in Terminal:
There’s one more thing to do before you deploy your app: You must configure the database within your app. Start by listing the configuration variables for your app.
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Configure Google environment variables
If you completed Chapter 22, “Google Authentication” and are using that as your project here, you must configure the same Google environment variables you used there.
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Configure GitHub environment variables
If you completed Chapter 23, “GitHub Authentication” and are using that as your project here, you must configure the same GitHub environment variables you used there.
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Deploy to Heroku
You’re now ready to deploy your app to Heroku. Push your main branch to your Heroku remote and wait for everything to build. This can take a while, particularly on a large application.
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Where to go from here?
In this chapter, you learned how to set up the app in the Heroku dashboard, configure your Git repository, add the necessary configuration files to your project, and deploy your app. Explore your dashboard and the Heroku Help to learn even more options!
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