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Server-Side Swift with Vapor

Before You Begin

Section 0: 3 chapters
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Section I: Creating a Simple Web API

Section 1: 13 chapters
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Section II: Making a Simple Web App

Section 2: 4 chapters
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Section III: Validation, Users & Authentication

Section 3: 6 chapters
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Section IV: Advanced Server Side Swift

Section 4: 7 chapters
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Section V: Production & External Deployment

Section 5: 7 chapters
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22. Google Authentication
Written by Tim Condon

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In the previous chapters, you learned how to add authentication to the TIL web site. However, sometimes users don’t want to create extra accounts for an application and would prefer to use their existing accounts.

In this chapter, you’ll learn how to use OAuth 2.0 to delegate authentication to Google, so users can log in with their Google accounts instead.

OAuth 2.0

OAuth 2.0 is an authorization framework that allows third-party applications to access resources on behalf of a user. Whenever you log in to a website with your Google account, you’re using OAuth.

When you click Login with Google, Google is the site that authenticates you. You then authorize the application to have access to your Google data, such as your email. Once you’ve allowed the application access, Google gives the application a token. The app uses this token to authenticate requests to Google APIs. You’ll implement this technique in this chapter.

Note: You must have a Google account to complete this chapter. If you don’t have one, visit https://accounts.google.com/SignUp to create one.

Imperial

Writing all the necessary scaffolding to interact with Google’s OAuth system and get a token is a time-consuming job!

Adding to your project

Open Package.swift in Xcode to add the new dependency. Replace .package(url: "https://github.com/vapor/auth.git", from: "2.0.0") with the following:

.package(url: "https://github.com/vapor/auth.git",
         from: "2.0.0"),
.package(url: "https://github.com/vapor-community/Imperial.git",
         from: "0.7.1")

dependencies: ["FluentPostgreSQL",
               "Vapor",
               "Leaf",
               "Authentication",
               "Imperial"]

touch Sources/App/Controllers/ImperialController.swift

vapor xcode -y

import Vapor
import Imperial
import Authentication

struct ImperialController: RouteCollection {
  func boot(router: Router) throws {

  }
}

let imperialController = ImperialController()
try router.register(collection: imperialController)

Setting up your application with Google

To be able to use Google OAuth in your application, you must first register the application with Google. In your browser, go to https://console.developers.google.com/apis/credentials.

Setting up the integration

Now that you’ve registered your application with Google, you can start integrating Imperial. Open ImperialController.swift and add the following under boot(router:):

func processGoogleLogin(request: Request, token: String)
  throws -> Future<ResponseEncodable> {
    return request.future(request.redirect(to: "/"))
}

guard let googleCallbackURL =
  Environment.get("GOOGLE_CALLBACK_URL") else {
    fatalError("Google callback URL not set")
}
try router.oAuth(
  from: Google.self,
  authenticate: "login-google",
  callback: googleCallbackURL,
  scope: ["profile", "email"],
  completion: processGoogleLogin)

Integrating with web authentication

It’s important to provide a seamless experience for users and match the experience for the regular login. To do this, you need to create a new user when a user logs in with Google for the first time. To create a user, you can use Google’s API to get the necessary details using the OAuth token.

Sending requests to third-party APIs

At the bottom of ImperialController.swift, add a new type to decode the data from Google’s API:

struct GoogleUserInfo: Content {
  let email: String
  let name: String
}

extension Google {
  // 1
  static func getUser(on request: Request)
    throws -> Future<GoogleUserInfo> {
      // 2
      var headers = HTTPHeaders()
      headers.bearerAuthorization =
        try BearerAuthorization(token: request.accessToken())

      // 3
      let googleAPIURL =
        "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo?alt=json"
      // 4
      return try request
        .client()
        .get(googleAPIURL, headers: headers)
        .map(to: GoogleUserInfo.self) { response in
        // 5
        guard response.http.status == .ok else {
          // 6
          if response.http.status == .unauthorized {
            throw Abort.redirect(to: "/login-google")
          } else {
            throw Abort(.internalServerError)
          }
        }
        // 7
        return try response.content
          .syncDecode(GoogleUserInfo.self)
      }
  }
}

// 1
return try Google
  .getUser(on: request)
  .flatMap(to: ResponseEncodable.self) { userInfo in
  // 2
  return User
    .query(on: request)
    .filter(\.username == userInfo.email)
    .first()
    .flatMap(to: ResponseEncodable.self) { foundUser in

    guard let existingUser = foundUser else {
      // 3
      let user = User(name: userInfo.name,
                      username: userInfo.email,
                      password: UUID().uuidString)
      // 4
      return user
        .save(on: request)
        .map(to: ResponseEncodable.self) { user in
        // 5
        try request.authenticateSession(user)
        return request.redirect(to: "/")
      }
    }
    // 6
    try request.authenticateSession(existingUser)
    return request.future(request.redirect(to: "/"))
  }
}

<a href="/login-google">
  <img class="mt-3" src="/images/sign-in-with-google.png"
   alt="Sign In With Google">
</a>

Where to go from here?

In this chapter, you learned how to integrate Google login into your website using Imperial and OAuth. This allows users to sign in with their existing Google accounts!

21. Validation
23. GitHub Authentication
Have a technical question? Want to report a bug? You can ask questions and report bugs to the book authors in our official book forum here.
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