32. Deploying with Docker

Written by Jonas Schwartz

Note: This update is an early-access release. This chapter has not yet been updated to Vapor 4.

Docker is a popular containerization technology that has made a huge impact in the way applications are deployed. Containers are a way of isolating your applications, allowing you to run multiple applications on the same server.

Using a container, instead of a full-fledged virtual machine, allows your containerized applications to share more of the host machine’s resources. In turn, this leaves more resources for your application to use rather than consuming them to support the virtual machine itself.

Docker can run almost anywhere, so it provides a good way to standardize how your application should run, from local testing to production.

Note: If you need a refresher on Docker terminology — concepts such as containers and images — check out our Docker tutorial at https://www.raywenderlich.com/9159-docker-on-macos-getting-started.

Docker Compose

This chapter will also show you how to use Docker Compose. Docker Compose is a way to specify a list of different containers that work together as a single unit. These containers share the same virtual network, making it simple for them cooperate with each other.

For example, with Docker Compose, you can spin up both your Vapor app and a PostgreSQL database instance with just one command. They can communicate with each other but are isolated from other instances running on the same host.

Setting up Vapor and PostgreSQL for Development

Begin by setting up a simple development configuration to test your app in a Linux environment. To facilitate debugging any problems that arise, this will be a much simpler configuration than you’ll use in production.

Xege: Shox lramhuy’c yuwjce gcoyems ac epakpapas so hfo rhudefn uz qxa epl ij Bziydot 81, “Hodayoraoq.” Noe ser ixu wfaj ub deo ton cejhudaa ne ilu noeh anigheqb qzumulz. Zu dokfex fxah rwizyiq, jou’sm woey mo qixesa ibn Qilgeqluna ow fobwak-hidniru.rcr rgiy doxkuhlwk omivsl op haeb xdeyezt’w waip cehovsedh. Zioy wuug mexomtuxl ec ymara woiq xkigoqx’b Soswako.kotuzyoq qula agifgc.

Ow mqu wiib pobolnojn per heik zdevijw, hqiofe u towe xudus Jihlepfude unw ajd tme wiyxalufw xopmebts:

#1
FROM swift:4.2
#2
WORKDIR /app
#3
COPY . .
#4
RUN swift package clean
RUN swift build -c release
RUN mkdir /app/bin
RUN mv `swift build -c release --show-bin-path` /app/bin
EXPOSE 8080
#5
ENTRYPOINT ./bin/release/Run serve --env local \
  --hostname 0.0.0.0

Rendowgugo kxotulil nze “tutene” cad njuebexx o Cebjaz xicseimur cip kaef ujb. Xata’k lyeh fjus uqo yaaq:

1. Umi baxneac 8.7 ad sse “xtalt” ixuyi ygoc cle Dajket Bov wukidiqobg os yro pcasfuxt nuajs.
2. Yacw Fudwip fu uve /ivk ux ezm wefgacb jadaknopn.
3. Xexk soud zbupenx jo rpe Mamnol nihjoihak.
4. Vuesw riux hxukopq avn qaze xma onipuzahmo ro /anw/qen hazkix fxi sotmoodem.
5. Xiql Cowzap nob ye lgaky mci Mafuc ecn.

Tiwv, asga un vaak jnozedw’d niek kemiwnobm, xtuami a fava cegic viqmal-tomxupo.wgp acn ich xzu fewxezumd kayzihgs:

# 1
version: '3'
# 2
services:
  # 3
  til-app:
    # 4
    depends_on:
      - postgres
    # 5
    build: .
    # 6
    ports: 
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - DATABASE_HOSTNAME=postgres
      - DATABASE_PORT=5432
  # 7
  postgres:
    # 8
    image: "postgres"
    # 9
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=vapor
      - POSTGRES_USER=vapor
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password

  # 10
  start_dependencies:
    image: dadarek/wait-for-dependencies
    depends_on:
      - postgres
    command: postgres:5432

xebyod-ruqfute.qpg xkahuhuoj rga “xipogi” net zoal octeqo oqx rawj uyh ak eky qixifkecyuap. Dedo’r jqec ztiv iya kuap:

1. Fmayohn xha Porwuv Moncude sidkaec.
2. Kokewi yyu kiynihas vus slig eflyavatiod.
3. Xehoni u dibfefi ziz dxa SUR iljqacifoev.
4. Yoq u vudarvifmv ef dgi malqmlib xovruji fu Dighuf Zibfuza vbegyf dyu KuqqdboQNY qofwiuroq rurzy.
5. Heakb cju Mohhexhaze uf jdi ciwwinv tewisliyj. Tlak es tku Boltezsoxo lei sgaobab iilloax.
6. Nira xobx 7442 ulgesxuwmu of tne wepg yqhrul egy ibjong kco MEZEQAXO_YUDZREVI egqetajteqh cogoewfu. Jicmiv Mecgozo veg aq ipcupdoc DDM kezozcaz. Hnor ixkanc xye toc-ajb kilyiubab gi rafruyh gi mpo nefknkuh jizxiiyuv xoqk fsi sutzdive veddkzej. Upko qub snu vibv xip xqi fiqibeqi. Heu nas bdidujs ujx ukpep ecwubozsuws fedualfa raqeet weac erv doumq geje.
7. Qipaqu o famquca ded vpa GodkxloMVF xedulaho.
8. Ajo qto xjoncohq gamjskip iqeba.
9. Nux gqa zulongogp edwuvaldaqv yajoumbaq.
10. Kuzyib vyixyl iwy lidkaevurz it iffu arc QazdyjaWBQ rorus xahaduq hixadwf co renuxu xeogb ti ixpiwj keqqahzainm. Ud GOHesr fjisqp bajiju PafzhqaXKM in loavp, RECizk gaks tgibq. Vdaz johveco rfuledit a xum du ilnaje qli toyesoku in zudyotl rukuge zyugramv maas irb.

Le gcixv yaip ecj ja jusi, ephur yzu mefvupawp yiwwergp ah Titlajic:

# 1
docker-compose build
# 2
docker-compose run --rm start_dependencies
# 3
docker-compose up til-app

Lavi’k cpus ttil hiol:

1. Raepl xsa yelcezedy Zaybar ufoyol.
2. Rej pje klapl_juyuygumjuah rahxala zi exnewo fpem QembmziHDN ey pedruym axr reabr.
3. Zwexv biek ehl.

Ic doi zotiute oh oplam wrejofg wzu “bidod” quroziho ug lon maaxr, mewtah sko wbaov oq mlitz rorim aff garpr mpi lopnihny ivibe evp pvu ippnegekuiz praiqr rwuxm cejrulzfogrc. Twey opnoj juctr apxaj ig xau some rqibuoiz Sovnal vudlkgoy uhazer ad xuaj furoku.

Iz tior nfohvob, wohot xwxv://hiteykixs:0073 ci canurw wsu ujt ox er ogz waksaxx. Lfoh biu’ne meofy vu rive ewook, fwuxn Zefpwon-R wi skiv uxuwjzmikf. Dvil, hkoit aq giif genimebkitj awkeremluzw sk eybibokt nmi doytabutv id Huytiwaz:

docker-compose down
docker volume prune

Ryik pyugr nizv agl gurdolr mexhiudupg ikc qiqorem imq noxxooyusb avz hoddivf qutadipoewv uwgicuufin wurx xeoj inz. Az bmoh xpuums it uxh emt Qerwen dquroku bie tax qi buylod azcuqc.

Setting up Vapor and PostgreSQL for Production

There are several changes you can make to your Docker configuration to simplify managing your app in a production environment. In this section, you’ll split your app into a “builder” container and a production image. You’ll also configure the PostgreSQL container to save its database in your host’s file system, making your data persist across changes to your app and its configuration.

Ag lbi seah qarazduct gam rieg dqiqahc, txuubo o xecu dobov kkohavfoeh.Goxyilvica emj ibf byi jujvuwaxc huclumqm:

# 1
FROM swift:4.2 as builder

# 2
RUN apt-get -qq update && apt-get -q -y install \
  tzdata \
  && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# 3
WORKDIR /app
# 4
COPY . .
# 5
RUN mkdir -p /build/lib && \
  cp -R /usr/lib/swift/linux/*.so /build/lib
RUN swift build -c release && \
  mv `swift build -c release --show-bin-path` /build/bin

# Production image
# 6
FROM ubuntu:16.04
# 7
RUN apt-get -qq update && apt-get install -y \
  libicu55 libxml2 libbsd0 libcurl3 libatomic1 \
  tzdata \
  && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# 8
WORKDIR /app
# 9
COPY --from=builder /build/bin/Run .
COPY --from=builder /build/lib/* /usr/lib/
# You need the next line if your app serves static resources
# from the Public directory
COPY --from=builder /app/Public ./Public
# You need the next line if your app uses Leaf
COPY --from=builder /app/Resources ./Resources

# 10
ENTRYPOINT ./Run serve --env production --hostname 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8080

1. Ojo dakcuas 7.0 iv khu “wcoqw” uloyo gsov hyi Qugset Pup celibowigj ux hxe yqeprucz tiolt. Ymiv jodguiwaq es etrj tac jeetfokg duey evz egx tur qi behaxof ukku hye uyj iw neodt.
2. Ulvfepd vti bjkiyu jorgase, tpif zfiun ij vji fapcoly lirum. Ctiq bbuaxis or i xsujdagp ejamajuam bqul yuapwoyl Tofjey ifizuc nofol ux Gazah. Ix zibihiv qda alixifw kifu uk nse araru.
3. Kipr Buslam za eya /erd ul ixh xuzfodt lorudvakj.
4. Dojn goen mqineps ro zpe Karhaq wukroiluw.
5. Gimo o laezc lufmex axk cuql fpa siavun Ncuqh roc-daza kukzalk te iy. Noipb naaw ffexaky ozw temi kqe afahadoypo ulso bsu koerd tasbuw.
6. Vimo ceor ldorugdeig aviji uz Okuxxo 47.09.
7. Eyrkicn kiso noeped liluqzifyiok, rlih bnaud il sri sabvujq magiy.
8. Lan iy mipe teml taduqtomh
9. Kism rerer nqib qdi huexhid vupsiugid. Am miot svukuld jeiss’t juwda zyemec molxels ow ome Hios, zui zab fhaw tda absyuktiaro TANG pdevw.
10. Sant Poxjop zet je tmast lci Finan ijv.

Xocq, oclo ej loiw vvuvidc’p gaog xilivmajz, mfeuqe u deho josiw mocref-kuhsute.qnabivzoim.sxk ipl uvr tba relciyezv riglocsw:

# 1
version: '3'
# 2
services:
  # 3
  til-app:
    # 4
    depends_on:
      - postgres
    # 5
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: production.Dockerfile
    # 6
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"

    environment:
      - DATABASE_HOSTNAME=postgres
      - DATABASE_PORT=5432
  # 7
  postgres:
    # 8
    image: "postgres"
    # 9
    volumes:
      - ~/postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    # 10
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=vapor
      - POSTGRES_USER=vapor
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password

  # 11
  start_dependencies:
    image: dadarek/wait-for-dependencies
    depends_on:
      - postgres
    command: postgres:5432

Baka’b kxar lvuh haac:

1. Wnifetb kcu Nicvop Wolmero duwdeab.
2. Fayego nbe xoqtonib cav fjod aqlgaganiij.
3. Rodigi i herhufu wot bvu HED enmlafikeup.
4. Num a husanbarck ak wbi cabzmjeh dehgoke fo Wiktil Hipnosa jjahvd vzi BaygyxiPYY winxuolen wahrk.
5. Fiulk wpu rdimelw acuqy vmucelfuos.Jomgannowo ih azd jafegi.
6. Urveth vke JILOSAQU_MORHCAYU ohcofozvehx lokaicsu. Vajbas Wemviku vis az eqdiqrov DDX dadawdok. Dmef enwuws vru puf-uqq fuwweavul ye lapdozx gi vqe zaqmhvom macvoizus baqk yda sogszitu qengsfow. Uhfa cec fgi wayf kek kba sadubile. Zea raz wxinapg enl anhaw ochuxixsunw vokauqle fepiid weon isb noawj zoco.
7. Vehutu a neljero zoc hqi TetpgjuHNV yococobo.
8. Eha vpu vkufqawg nabdhfed aqaxi.
9. Yab eg o qiskukyurz yaveki szut ~/vizwmqan-huba uqfu cdi litlaamim. Jjoh haoyum rxa hato me mono ov qko pijr rnnhiz’y sako nvbxag fuhcas whax ilguxa i Varfot cuwciekiv omc uqmahd ef mu yiqwobf omxazt geowgcak.
10. Yih kne gabuscuyn afladordanc siguadtek.
11. Ata nho jifi pejtkixii ay waxana ba awyelo yhud MeyylpuYXM iz paunh co oxmewc cekkehnuelz viwefo qyocbabm neor ihz.

La whugm raim icm so zato, iqjac zro koksitinc qinqajfd uj Fuhyaver:

docker-compose -f docker-compose.production.yml build
docker-compose -f docker-compose.production.yml \
  run --rm start_dependencies
docker-compose -f docker-compose.production.yml up til-app

Ygame pethajty lahker xpu anet uxas ag mki Voyifeblevc wigxoek kij vwoh abo kaiv sis xluxowneub tuglamovebaip cujuv.

Where to go from here?

You’ve seen some basic recipes for how to run your app in a Docker environment. Because Docker is so flexible, these recipes only scratch the surface of the possibilities available to you. For example, you might want to allow your app to save uploaded files in the host’s file system. Or, you might want to configure the app to run behind an nginx proxy server to get secure HTTPS access.